The White House has begun drafting a new executive order that could further cement President Trump’s ability to control billions of dollars in scientific grants funded by the National Institutes of Health.
Discussed at a highly contentious meeting at the White House on Friday, the directive aims to create a new external committee with the power to veto awards in the nation’s vast biomedical research portfolio that do not conform to Mr. Trump’s political agenda, according to people with knowledge of the effort.
The meeting was first reported by The Washington Post. Officials at the Office of Management and Budget, which is drafting the executive order, declined to comment. A spokesman for the N.I.H., Joshua Pradko, declined to discuss details of the meeting.
“N.I.H. remains committed to its mission of funding biomedical research to benefit the health of the American people,” Mr. Pradko said in a text message.
Referring to reports that Russell T. Vought, director of the O.M.B., wants to rescind N.I.H. funding, Mr. Pradko added, “There will be no rescissions to N.I.H. grant monies. All N.I.H. grant monies will be spent.”
If the order moves forward, it would mark the latest attempt by the Trump administration to usurp the scientific autonomy of the N.I.H., a $48 billion agency that distributes a majority of its budget to labs across the country for research into areas such as heart disease, cancer and infectious diseases.
Traditionally, the N.I.H. selects projects based on expert review of their scientific merit. But Mr. Trump has sought through a series of recent directives in his second term to bring that process under political review, arguing in part that the government has been funding “woke” liberal priorities.
Friday’s meeting brought to a head months of conflict between two of the attendees: Mr. Vought of the O.M.B., who wants to impose greater political control over N.I.H. grant approvals, and Dr. Jay Bhattacharya, the N.I.H. director, who is resisting those efforts, according to two people close to Dr. Bhattacharya.
Their relationship has grown so contentious that Mr. Vought had refused to meet with Dr. Bhattacharya, the people said. During the session on Friday, Mr. Vought accused the N.I.H. director of funding projects that were in conflict with administration priorities, such as supporting research related to diversity and equity.
One of Mr. Trump’s executive orders, issued on his first day back in office, ended all administration programs involving “diversity, equity and inclusion.” It has had far-reaching effects on N.I.H. studies, including those investigating “health disparities” — why people of certain races and ethnicities may be more or less prone to certain diseases or to suffer worse outcomes.
As a Stanford University economist, Dr. Bhattacharya conducted research on health disparities and has been trying to find a way to preserve N.I.H. funding for such work. In 2011, for instance, he and colleagues reported on “persistent racial disparities in survival after heart transplantation.”
The study, funded by the N.I.H., found that Black heart-transplant patients were at higher risk of death than similar white patients were.
But as N.I.H. director, Dr. Bhattacharya has also supported eliminating funding for work he regards as low-quality or ideologically driven. In a brief conversation with reporters early in his tenure, Dr. Bhattacharya said the cancellations were targeting “politicized expressions of devotion to a particular ideology” as opposed to “good science.”
On Friday, Mr. Vought also sought access to funds for the current fiscal year that have not yet been spent, but he did not succeed. The main argument between them, however, appears to reflect a philosophical difference: Mr. Vought wants to cut federal spending for research; Dr. Bhattacharya does not.
Nor does Congress, which overruled Mr. Trump’s proposal to cut biomedical research spending last year.
Moreover, Dr. Bhattacharya opposes Mr. Vought’s push to give political appointees the final say over all federal spending, including health and scientific research.
A proposed rule earlier this year would have integrated political review into the entire federal grant-making process, calling for “ending government sponsorship of gender ideology and other radical doctrines,” such as diversity, equity and inclusion projects.
The changes were widely denounced by the scientific and medical research community, and drew bipartisan rebuke in Congress, where lawmakers blocked the White House from proceeding.
The White House has issued a number of executive orders to stop scientific research into areas that conflict with administration priorities. Thousands of grants were terminated for being in conflict with these priorities.
Even before Friday’s meeting, the administration was entangled in multiple lawsuits that challenged those actions.
Last week, a class-action lawsuit was filed in California district court by the American Civil Liberties Union on behalf of scientists alleging that the N.I.H. was unconstitutionally censoring scientific research.
The lawsuit, on behalf of researchers who study health disparities, Alzheimer’s disease and sexual harassment, among other topics, argued that measures the agency was already using to screen grants for compliance with political priorities were a violation of the free-speech rights of scientists.
“What the First Amendment does not allow is the government’s use of its funding power to target or silence the expression of disfavored viewpoints within the biomedical research community,” the lawsuit said.
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