The U.S. Senate is working through the weekend to pass President Donald Trump‘s comprehensive domestic policy bill, a sprawling 940-page piece of legislation that Republicans are calling crucial for the nation’s economic future.
The U.S. House of Representatives has already passed their version, and senators are now working to finalize their draft before sending it back for a final House vote while Democrats remain united in opposition to the package.
Why It Matters
This legislation represents Trump’s signature domestic policy initiative, combining massive tax cuts with significant spending on border security and defense while implementing substantial cuts to social safety net programs.
The Congressional Budget Office (CBO), which is nonpartisan, estimates the House’s version would add $2.4 trillion to the nation’s deficit over the next decade, though Republicans dispute this calculation. The bill’s passage would fundamentally reshape federal spending priorities and tax policy, affecting millions of Americans across income levels.
What To Know
The bill centers on approximately $3.8 trillion in tax cuts, making permanent the tax rates and brackets from Trump’s first term while adding new exemptions for tips, overtime pay, and some automotive loans. The legislation would increase the child tax credit from $2,000 to $2,200 and provide a $6,000 deduction for older adults earning under $75,000 annually. The state and local tax (SALT) deduction cap would increase from $10,000 to $40,000 for five years.
For border security and immigration enforcement, the package allocates $350 billion, including $46 billion for the U.S.-Mexico border wall and $45 billion for 100,000 migrant detention facility beds. The plan aims to deport approximately 1 million people annually through hiring 10,000 new U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) officers and expanding Border Patrol forces.
To offset costs, Republicans propose significant cuts to Medicaid, food stamps, and green energy programs, potentially saving $1.5 trillion. The legislation would impose new 80-hour monthly work requirements for Medicaid and food stamp recipients up to age 65, while rolling back former President Joe Biden-era’s renewable energy tax incentives. The CBO estimates these changes would leave 10.9 million more people without health coverage and 3 million without food stamp eligibility.
Additional provisions include $25 billion for the “Golden Dome” missile defense system, establishment of “Trump Accounts” children’s savings program, and $40 million for a “National Garden of American Heroes.”
The bill also restricts artificial intelligence (AI) development, blocks transgender surgeries, and directs the sale of up to 1.2 million acres of public land for housing development.
What People Are Saying
President Donald Trump on Truth Social on Friday: “The Great Republicans in the U.S. Senate are working all weekend to finish our ‘ONE, BIG, BEAUTIFUL BILL.’ We are on the precipice of delivering Massive General Tax Cuts, NO TAX ON TIPS, NO TAX ON OVERTIME, NO TAX ON SOCIAL SECURITY FOR OUR SENIORS, Permanently Securing our Borders, an even Bigger and More Powerful Military.”
House Republicans’ X, formerly Twitter, account wrote on Friday: “House Republicans are united and ready to DELIVER the largest tax cut for working and middle-class Americans in history. The One Big Beautiful Bill Act will unleash our economy and restore the American Dream.”
Senate Democratic Leader Chuck Schumer of New York wrote on X on Saturday: “BREAKING: I will object to Republicans moving forward on their Big, Ugly Bill without reading it on the Senate floor. Republicans won’t tell America what’s in the bill. So Democrats are forcing it to be read start to finish on the floor. We will be here all night if that’s what it takes to read it.”
Trump on Truth Social on Saturday: “WHY ARE THE DEMOCRATS ALWAYS ROOTING AGAINST AMERICA???”
Tech billionaire and MAGA ally Elon Musk wrote on X on Saturday: “Polls show that this bill is political suicide for the Republican Party.” In his post, he shared polling data from The Tarrance Group that showed majority opposition across different voter groups.
What Happens Next
The Senate must complete its work and pass the bill before sending it back to the House for a final vote. Trump has demanded the legislation reach his desk by July 4th. With Democrats united in opposition and some Republican concerns emerging over provisions affecting rural hospitals and AI restrictions, the timeline remains uncertain.
Reporting from the Associated Press contributed to this article.
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