LUSAKA, Zambia — Zambian President Hakainde Hichilema was declared the winner Tuesday of a troubled election that saw vote counting suspended at one point because of violence at polling stations and opposition officials arrested during a law enforcement raid in which gunshots were fired.
Hichilema secured around 60% of the presidential vote in the southern African nation that has held largely peaceful elections since it returned to multiparty democracy in 1991.
Hichilema’s main challenger, opposition leader Brian Mundubile, won around 38% of the vote, according to the electoral commission.
Zambia, a nation of 22 million people that is one of the world’s leading copper producers, is a focus for Chinese investment because of its reserves of the critical mineral. It has also drawn interest from the United States under a Trump administration plan to increase U.S. access to copper and other critical minerals used in new technologies and renewable energy systems.
The results released early Tuesday followed days of heightened tensions since last Thursday’s election.
The electoral commission suspended vote counting for hours on Friday, citing attacks on some polling station officials and what it called the theft of some ballot boxes.
It didn’t say who might be responsible for the alleged violence and theft, but the suspension prompted the deployment of the army to parts of the capital, Lusaka — an unusual development for one of Africa’s more stable democracies.
The Zambian government announced later that 11 opposition officials were detained in a law enforcement raid on election night at a property where opposition leader Mundubile was present, though he was not arrested, according to the government.
The raid involved an exchange of gunfire between occupants of the premises and law enforcement officers, the government said.
The government accused the opposition officials of being in possession of “high-grade military weapons, ammunition and other materials for use in armed insurrection” and said they were a national security threat.
Mundubile criticized the raid as an attempt on his life and denied allegations that the officials were part of a militia.
Hichilema said in a statement Tuesday that he and his party were humbled by the trust placed in them by voters and also reached out to opposition supporters.
“To those citizens who preferred the ideas presented by our opponents, we hear you, and we will continue to work for you to ensure that every Zambian benefits from the development we are delivering,” Hichilema said.
A preliminary report by a European Union observer team released before results were announced said the election was largely peaceful but the “broader electoral process took place in an environment that limited fundamental freedoms.”
“Late legal changes, legal uncertainty and unequal campaign conditions distorted the playing field,” said Michael McNamara, chief of the EU observer mission.
The 64-year-old Hichilema’s campaign for a second term focused on an economic recovery plan for a country that was mired in a debt crisis when it defaulted on repayments in 2020. Hichilema was first elected in 2021, and Zambia has restructured debt payments, reined in inflation and stabilized its currency under his leadership.
One of Hichilema’s main pledges has been to more than triple Zambia’s copper production to 3 million tons a year by the end of his final term in 2031.
Critics, however, said the effects of those macroeconomic improvements were not being felt by ordinary Zambians who were growing frustrated with a high cost of living and electricity shortages.
Hichilema vowed “meaningful development for every single Zambian, in every corner of our country.”
Zimba and Magome write for the Associated Press. Magome reported from Johannesburg.
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