For months, the aid worker felt a pervasive “sense of rage”: Until the first half of 2025, she had worked in Jerusalem doing advocacy on the occupied Palestinian territories for a large aid organization with its headquarters in the United States.
During that time, she would routinely have to fight for weeks on end to get a single statement published. Leadership, she told DW, would insist on watering down the language, deeming words such as “occupation,” “blockade” and “accountability” too problematic. She felt, she said, choosing her words carefully, “that I was part of whitewashing the situation in Gaza” — that she had essentially been “asked to lie.”
“The only way that we could describe what was happening in Gaza was through extremely watered-down language that would minimize Israel’s role,” she said.
Even now, months after she left her role and the region, she said, she is resolved to never again work in the humanitarian sector.
Over the course of several months, DW’s investigative unit spoke with 19 sources from a dozen international organizations that provide humanitarian assistance to Palestinians. Oscillating between anger and despair, all but one of the aid workers DW interviewed asked to remain anonymous, fearing for their jobs.
DW reviewed internal emails, messages and guidelines, and corroborated the workers’ accounts by analyzing the organizations’ websites, explainer pages and more than 100 public statements published before and after Israel implemented a new process for registering NGOs in March. DW found that in recent months several organizations had, to varying degrees, restricted their language in public communications on in following the Hamas-led attacks that killed nearly 1,200 people on October 7, 2023. Some prominent aid groups have withheld forceful criticism, even as , , and led to widespread displacement and . In at least one case, the guidelines even included words that were permitted in private meetings with donors or politicians.
Some NGOs refrained from signing on to joint statements with other aid organizations if they included terms such as those above or others deemed too sensitive by their leadership.
The conflict over the Palestinian territories has always been fraught for international organizations. But red lines on communications introduced in recent months are particularly restrictive, DW found. The reason seems to be a new registration process approved by the Israeli authorities in late 2024. Organizations were told that they would all have to reregister by early September 2025 if they wanted to continue operating in Gaza and the West Bank.
That had an almost immediate “chilling effect” on the entire sector, a former aid worker told DW.
Israel introduces NGO registrations
Organizations now must provide the Israeli authorities sensitive data such as the personal information of their entire Palestinian staff — including workers on the ground in Gaza. Many NGOs strongly oppose this requirement, as they fear that it might put their staff in the Palestinian territories at further risk.
The regulations allow officials to deny permits to organizations that support legal proceedings against Israeli soldiers before international courts or employ individuals who — within the past seven years — have voiced support for a boycott of Israel.
Aid workers DW spoke with said stipulations were intentionally broad to give the authorities leeway to force out and silence any unwanted international actors.
In mid-August, 100 international organizations condemned the registration process, saying its aim was to block impartial aid, silence advocacy and censor humanitarian reporting. NGOs had no guarantees, the organizations charged, “that handing over such information would not put staff at further risk, or be used to advance the government of Israel’s stated military and political aims.”
DW has learned that, behind the scenes, aid organizations have tried to negotiate a partial registration process in the hopes that they would not have to provide the details of their Palestinian staff in Gaza.
“It sets a dangerous precedent,” said Shaina Low, who works as the communication adviser for Palestine at the Norwegian Refugee Council, one of the few organizations that has remained outspoken on Gaza. Low, the only humanitarian worker who was willing to comment on the record for this article, spoke with DW at her residence in Amman, .
The entire registration process lacks transparency, Low said.
Confronted with the organizations’ concerns, the Israeli Ministry for Diaspora Affairs and Combating Antisemitism, which oversees the registration process, told DW in a written statement that the government “supports genuine humanitarian activity, but will not allow hostile actors to operate under a humanitarian guise.” The statement said Israel would “like any sovereign state, defend its sovereignty and its citizens, ensuring that humanitarianism is not exploited as a cover for subversion.”
‘Low visibility’ following announcement
The humanitarian sector reacted to the regulations immediately, an aid worker told DW. She said her NGO’s leadership declared that the organization was “going low visibility.” That meant: “no more references to the International Criminal Court, no more references to the International Court of Justice, barely even references to international humanitarian law anymore.”
Words and terms banned in public messaging vary for each individual organization. Two large international organizations that are particularly cautious on their language are Action Against Hunger (ACF) and the US-based International Rescue Committee (IRC), DW found.
DW analyzed the organizations’ public messaging on Gaza and and reviewed statements issued from October 2023 through July 2025. Both organizations have specific words that no longer appear in their public communications.
In October 2023, the IRC warned that the population in Gaza was under “siege.” The organization used similar wording in further statements. The situation on the ground has not improved, but the IRC has not used the term after December 2024.
Another example is calling out violations of international humanitarian law, or the set of principles and rules for participants in armed conflicts.
In October 2023, ACF published a statement condemning “the deliberate and disproportionate targeting of civilians as both unacceptable and a violation of International Humanitarian Law” following the escalating violence in and Gaza.
The organization continued calling out violations of international humanitarian law in subsequent statements. After the announcement of the new registration policy, however, ACF no longer named specific acts as violations of international humanitarian law.
Confronted with DW‘s findings, ACF told DW in a written statement that “the most important thing is to ensure continuity of operations, access to vulnerable populations, and dedication to humanitarian principles. Action Against Hunger continues to call for an immediate and permanent ceasefire, respect for international humanitarian law, unimpeded humanitarian access, the release of hostages and the protection of civilians and humanitarian workers.”
The IRC did not respond to DW‘s request for comment before publication.
Organizations tone down language
DW saw internal messages in which the leadership of a prominent international organization explicitly referred to the new registration process as the main reason for toning down language or not signing on to joint statements.
One aid worker showed DW internal documents, including drafts of statements and messages in which he had been asked to remove a quote from a Gazan colleague that was deemed “too emotional.”
“Every time they come up with a new excuse: ‘This one is unable to be verified,’ ‘this one might put our registration at risk,’” he said. The man, whose living room was adorned with a huge Palestinian flag and who had family members trying to survive in Gaza, struggled with what he was being asked to do.
Another source said senior leadership repeatedly communicated in meetings that maintaining operations was paramount. “To which I would always respond: What operations?” she said.
Aid organizations have faced mounting challenges to operate in Gaza and the West Bank since the beginning of the war. They have struggled to get humanitarian visas renewed, and staff on the ground have been injured and killed in Israeli military operations. Israel has restricted the flow of aid into Gaza, at times cutting it off entirely. In May of this year, it introduced an aid distribution program that excludes established humanitarian organizations.
Though only a trickle of aid from international organizations is allowed to enter Gaza, the US-based Gaza Humanitarian Foundation, established in February, has taken over aid delivery. The GHF runs only four distribution points — forcing Palestinians to trek for hours to access food.
According to the United Nations, more than 1,300 Palestinians were killed by Israeli forces and security contractors from May through late July, including 859 in the vicinity of GHF sites. Many more have been injured.
Over the phone from Gaza, a doctor who described hunger in the territory as all-pervasive told DW that GHF’s distribution centers were “a place of death.”
In a written statement GHF told DW that “these accusations are false and exaggerated and come directly from the Hamas-controlled Gaza Health Ministry, which sadly continues to be repeated by the media without verification.”
Advocacy a ‘liability’
Faced with the GHF‘s near monopoly on aid distribution and Israel’s new registration process for NGOs, aid workers said they were forced to make an agonizing decision: speak out and risk being denied a permit to help people in need — or restrict their language and hope to eventually be able to deliver aid to Palestinians. In many cases, DW’s investigation found, the leadership of NGOs is opting for the latter.
“You have two choices, and both choices are the wrong choices,” an aid worker said.
Advocacy, another said, “is our biggest liability“.
Several aid workers DW spoke with said refraining from speaking out did not guarantee that they would be able to deliver assistance to Palestinians in need.
“We haven’t seen that being quiet, keeping your head down, is going to allow you more access and allow you to do your work,” said Low, from the NRC.
With the and NGOs further restricted, aid workers fear that Israel is aiming to push out the last international and independent observers on the ground.
One worker predicted that, someday, “people are going to wish that they said more, and they‘re going to wish that they said more sooner.”
Is it not, she asked, her job to do everything she can “to stop something as horrific as this?”
With organizations self-censoring as the war continues, the efforts and experiences of aid workers often seem to be in conflict with the political priorities of the NGOs that employ them — to the detriment of the civilians in Gaza. “If we can’t talk about what survival looks like for people in Gaza,” she said, “then we’re painting a completely different reality.”
Editor: Mathias BölingerFact checking: Esther FeldenCopy editing: Milan GagnonLegal advice: Florian Wagenknecht
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