Around the world, an invisible threat is increasing the risk of disease, shortening lives and fraying the fabric of our communities. Social disconnection – when a person lacks sufficient social contact, feels unsupported in their existing relationships, or experiences negative or strained connections – is an increasingly serious but often overlooked danger to health and wellbeing. There are several forms of social disconnection, including loneliness and social isolation.
Today nearly one in six people globally report feeling lonely. Among adolescents and young adults as well as people living in low-income countries, the rate is even higher. But loneliness and social isolation are not just emotional states – they can be lethal. According to a recent report from the World Health Organization (WHO), from 2014 to 2019, loneliness was associated with more than 871,000 deaths annually – equivalent to 100 deaths per hour. We now have irrefutable evidence that social health – our ability to form and maintain meaningful human connections – is just as essential to our wellbeing as physical and mental health. Yet for too long, it has been ignored by health systems and policymakers alike.
The report by WHO’s Commission on Social Connection comes a month after the World Health Assembly adopted the first ever resolution on social connection. The report marks a turning point for this serious global health threat and highlights the need for decisive leadership and action. The commission’s report charts a clear path forward with evidence-based strategies to reverse this scourge and strengthen the bonds that allow individuals and societies to thrive.
Humans are hardwired for connection. From our earliest years, relationships shape our brains, our emotions and our chances of living a healthy life. Conversely, disconnection, whether through loneliness, or social isolation, can have devastating impacts: It increases the risk of heart disease, stroke, depression, anxiety, dementia and premature death. It can also result in poor school and work performance and costs economies and societies billions per year.
But the good news is that solutions exist. The commission’s report outlines interventions that work – from national policies and community programmes to campaigns and individual support strategies. It highlights a range of successful examples: peer-to-peer support for low-income older people in South Africa; “social prescribing” of activities to older adults in South Korea, like music, storytelling, gardening and self-help groups; integrating social connection into broader development policy in Djibouti; embedding it as part of ageing policies in Albania and in mental health policy in Spain; establishing dedicated national strategies in countries such as Denmark, Germany, Japan, Finland, the Netherlands and Sweden; and campaigns to encourage small acts of kindness in Australia, Great Britain and the United States.
We call on all countries to prioritise social connection.
This is not only about personal health and wellbeing. It is also a cornerstone of economic prosperity, national resilience and social cohesion. Societies that foster trust and connection are more innovative, more secure and better able to respond to crises. The COVID-19 pandemic brought this truth into stark relief. As lockdowns forced physical separation, the human need for connection became unmistakable – and so did the costs of its absence.
The WHO commission proposes a global roadmap built around five key pillars – policy, research, interventions, measurement and engagement.
The key actions it calls for are to develop national policies that integrate social connection into health, education and labour agendas; invest in research to better understand what works; scale up culturally relevant and cost-effective interventions; collect better data to track the problem and measure progress; and build a global movement to change attitudes and reduce stigma.
It is critical that this movement includes the voices of those who have endured the pain of loneliness and social isolation as they understand what real solutions look like.
As leaders, we cannot afford to remain passive. Every day we delay is another day of lost potential, unnecessary suffering and preventable death. But if we act boldly, collaboratively and compassionately and on a large scale, we can build healthier, more connected and more resilient societies.
Social health is not a luxury. It is a human need. And now, more than ever, it must be a political priority.
The views expressed in this article are the authors’ own and do not necessarily reflect Al Jazeera’s editorial stance.
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