John Jacob Astor IV was one of the wealthiest people in the world when he perished in the Titanic sinking on April 15, 1912.
His life was marked by amazing innovations, wealth, and scandal.
Astor’s wife, who was 30 years younger than him when they married, was pregnant aboard the Titanic and survived.
Astor reportedly planned to make their child his heir, but his fortune ended up being left to Vincent Astor, his son from his first marriage.
Here’s a look at the life of John Jacob Astor IV, one of the most famous Titanic victims.
John Jacob Astor IV was born on July 13, 1864, in New York into one of the most affluent families in the world.
The Astor family dates back to the early 1700s when the original John Jacob Astor (pictured) came to the Americas from a small village in Germany to make a name for himself.
He started making money in the fur-trading businesses, but his real fortune began when he entered the world of real estate, Biography reported.
One of his first big purchases was a plot of land in the middle of Manhattan, modern-day Times Square. Quickly, Astor bought land all around Manhattan, becoming one of the richest men in the world and creating a dynasty.
When John Jacob Astor IV was born to William Astor and Caroline Webster Schermerhorn in 1864, the Astor name was already well-respected in high society, and the family’s fortune was one of the world’s largest.
As an heir to the family fortune, John Jacob Astor IV received an education at the finest schools in the US.
The New Netherland Institute reported he first attended St. Paul’s School in Concord and then went on to Harvard University, but there is no official record of him graduating from the college.
After schooling, Astor went abroad for a few years before returning to New York to take up the family business: real estate.
In 1897, Astor used his fortune to build the Astoria Hotel in New York.
In 1893, William Waldorf Astor built the Waldorf Hotel on the corner of Fifth Avenue and 33rd Street.
Reportedly, he built the hotel to spite his cousin, John Jacob Astor IV. In retaliation, Astor built a competing hotel in 1897 on the adjacent corner and named it the Astoria Hotel.
Architectural Digest reported that when the cousins were finally convinced that joining both hotels would be a smart business decision, a 300-foot marble corridor was built between them. The famous Waldorf-Astoria Hotel was born.
For the next few decades, the hotel became a symbol of luxury, wealth, and class in New York. It was considered one of the best hotels in the country and even in the world.
The Waldorf-Astoria Hotel closed in 1928 and was demolished, making room for the Empire State Building. The new Waldorf-Astoria Hotel was built farther uptown in 1931, long after Astor’s death.
Astor also built another New York landmark hotel: the St. Regis.
In 1904, Astor opened the St. Regis Hotel, which The New York Times called “the finest hotel in America” at the time.
The St. Regis Hotel said that Astor aimed to make the hotel technologically advanced and ensured that each room had a telephone, making the hotel’s rooms as practical as they were glamorous.
Some historians call the hotel Astor’s “greatest achievement,” according to Biography.
While developing some of New York’s finest hotels, Astor still had time for his hobbies, like writing.
In 1894, Astor published his first and only science-fiction novel, “Journey in Other Worlds.”
“A ‘Journey in Other Worlds’ races far ahead of the nineteenth century to imagine what life would be like in the year 2000,” the Amazon synopsis reads.
“At the beginning of the twenty-first century, Earth is effectively a corporate technocracy, with big businesses using incredible advances in science to improve life on the planet as a whole,” it continues. “Seeking other planets habitable for the growing human population, the spaceship Callisto, powered by an antigravitational force known as apergy, embarks on a momentous tour of the solar system.”
Astor was also an accomplished inventor.
In 1898, he patented a bicycle brake, invented a vibratory disintegrator (used to generate gas from peat), and created a pneumatic road-improver. He also helped invent a turbine engine.
Astor married Ava Lowle Willing in 1891, but they divorced in 1909.
Ava Lowle Willing and Astor had two children together, Vincent and Alice.
Although they seemed like the perfect, upper-class family, the marriage was largely unhappy.
The couple got divorced in 1909, setting Astor up for one of the family’s biggest scandals.
At 47 years old, Astor met Madeleine Talmage Force, who was 18.
When Astor and Madeleine Talmage Force married in 1911, it became a scandal — at the time, divorce was rare and remarrying was even more so.
The controversy over their relationship even made its way onto screens decades later. In the 1997 Oscar-winning movie “Titanic,” Rose points out Astor and his pregnant wife to Jack.
“His little wifey there, Madeleine, is my age and in delicate condition. See how she’s trying to hide it? Quite the scandal,” she says.
When Madeleine fell pregnant in 1912, they decided to return to New York from Europe. Astor booked them a room on the Titanic.
At the time, Astor was one of the world’s richest men, and he certainly was the wealthiest aboard the Titanic.
CNBC reported that he had a fortune worth between $90 and $150 million when he boarded the fateful ship. Today, when adjusted for inflation, he would be worth between $2.9 and $4.9 billion.
After the Titanic hit an iceberg on April 14, 1912, Astor calmly took his wife, Madeleine, to the second-to-last lifeboat.
Biography reported that Astor was among the first few people who knew the ship was sinking.
He woke his sleeping, pregnant wife and told her to get dressed in her warmest clothes. He then put all of the couple’s jewelry on her, took her to the deck, and placed her in a lifeboat.
She clung to her husband and wanted to stay with him, but he reportedly said, “The sea is calm. You’ll be alright. You’re in good hands. I’ll see you in the morning.”
The New York Times reported that Astor was last seen smoking a cigarette on the deck. He was wearing a dinner suit and holding a personalized pocket watch.
Nearly two weeks after the Titanic sank, The New York Times reported that Astor’s body had been recovered by a search team from Halifax, Canada.
Astor was among the 306 bodies found by the crew of the Mackay-Bennett in the weeks after the tragedy, according to the Nova Scotia Archives, but only one of 59 bodies that were claimed by victims’ relatives and returned home.
The initials sewn into his jacket reportedly identified him. The New York Times reported his pocket also contained a solid gold watch engraved with the initials JJA.
Many of the Titanic’s victims were buried in a cemetery (pictured) in Halifax, but Astor’s son, Vincent, traveled there to claim his father’s body and bring it home to New York.
Astor’s wife, Madeleine, survived the shipwreck and gave birth to their son, naming him John Jacob. But most of his fortune went to his son from his first marriage, Vincent.
If Astor made it to the US, it’s believed he would have made his and Madeleine’s unborn child the heir to his fortune.
However, most of his money went to his first son, Vincent (pictured), from his first marriage.
John Jacob Astor VI received only a small portion of his father’s fortune, but Vincent went on to donate a large sum of his father’s money and became a philanthropist in New York City.
John Jacob Astor IV’s legacy has lasted long after his death.
As the most famous person to die in the tragedy, Astor’s name and reputation have survived through the years.
In fact, he has been portrayed in several TV shows and movies. Most notably, Eric Braeden played Astor in “Titanic.”
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