BUDAPEST, Hungary — Hungary’s government will limit the profit margin for grocers on a number of basic food items, the prime minister said on Tuesday, a response to growing inflation hitting consumers in the Central European country.
Prime Minister Viktor Orbán said in a video on social media that commercial grocers must limit their markup to no more than 10% of wholesale price on 30 different food items, a policy that would be in effect from mid-March until the end of May, but could be extended.
He said that the government would monitor grocers’ compliance with the policy, but didn’t specify which foods would be included in the requirement.
“In order to curb excessive and unjustified price increases, we have been negotiating with representatives of commercial chains in recent days,” Orbán said. “Unfortunately, the vendors’ offers fell far short of our expectations.”
Inflation data released Tuesday by Hungary’s statistical office showed an annual inflation rate of 5.6% for February, while food prices were up 7.1% on the year. By contrast, average inflation in the 20-member eurozone was 2.4% in February, according to the European Union’s statistical office Eurostat.
Hungary, which isn’t a member of the eurozone, uses the forint as its national currency.
The data came as an “unpleasant inflation surprise” for Hungary, which “indicates increasing price pressure in the Hungarian economy with regard to more permanent inflationary trends,” Orsolya Nyeste, a macroeconomic analyst with Erste Bank, wrote in a note on Tuesday.
Hungary has frequently in recent years as a cost of living crisis has gripped the country. The populist government has pointed to external factors such as the war in neighboring Ukraine and EU sanctions against Russia to explain the yearslong inflation spiral, though prices in other regional countries like Poland, Romania and Slovakia haven’t risen nearly as steeply.
Extreme jumps in food prices — peaking at more than 45% at the beginning of 2023 — have spurred previous government interventions in Hungary that included on a number of food items as well as fuel at filling stations. But some critics and economists argued that sellers simply raised prices on other products to make up for shortfalls caused by the price controls.
The inflation numbers present a challenge for Orbán as Hungary’s economy continues to struggle before a national election in 2026. The EU’s longest-serving leader, in power since 2010, faces a challenge from a new party that has placed the stagnating economy and cost of living issues at the center of its political platform.
Compounding Hungary’s difficulties, the EU has from Budapest because of concerns over judicial independence and rule-of-law standards.
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