KAPIKOY BORDER CROSSING, Turkey — A land crossing near eastern Turkey’s Van province is one of the few routes connecting Iranians to the rest of the world amid an airspace shutdown in Iran since the U.S. and Israel launched strikes on the Islamic Republic more than a week ago, triggering war in the Middle East.
Most travelers at the border gate in recent days had connections with Turkey through work, family and friends, and many had moved up preplanned visits because of the war. Some had residency or citizenship in a third country and were transiting through Turkey.
Only a small number of Iranians who spoke to the Associated Press at the Kapikoy crossing said they planned to stay in Turkey to escape the war for an indefinite period.
Reza Gol, a 38-year-old plastic surgeon, said the war was not the only reason for his trip. He was traveling from Urmia in western Iran to see patients in Istanbul, where he used to live.
“It’s not clear whether we will leave Iran for good, but I can clear my head a little bit in the meantime,” he said. “You can see it’s not that crowded at the border. Everyone is staying in their houses. For now, people are not leaving everything they have behind and running away.”
Pooneh Asghari and her husband, Iranian Canadian citizens, were reluctantly preparing to fly to Canada, although they no longer have a house there and both of them work in Iran. Asghari said they are hoping the trip will be brief.
“We’ve been living in Iran for over the last five years,” she said. “All our life is there.”
Fariba, a woman who asked to be identified by only her first name out of security concerns, was headed to Izmir in western Turkey to wait out the war with her son.
She said most of her friends and neighbors don’t have the means to escape, which might explain the lack of a major exodus across the border.
“People are very poor now,” she said. “So they are staying at home, and they are scared.”
Border restrictions and canceled flights
Iranians normally enter Turkey without visas. On Monday, Turkey’s trade minister announced the mutual suspension of crossings for day trips, while Iranian border officials have restricted the passage of some Iranian nationals, according to travelers and local media.
However, since Thursday morning, both Iranians and third-country nationals have been crossing the mountain-ringed Kapikoy border gates normally.
Turkey’s Interior Minister Mustafa Ciftci said in a statement that 2,032 travelers entered Turkey from Iran on Wednesday, while 1,966 of them departed to Iran. More recent figures were not available.
Most of those who crossed then made their way to the Van airport to continue their journey. On Friday night, about 20 passengers, mostly Iranians, were lying on rows of chairs waiting to get a flight the next morning.
Mehregan, a 26-year-old who studies in China, was visiting her family in Ahvaz for the winter holidays when the war broke out. She drove more than 15 hours across Iran to cross into Turkey. She asked not to be identified by her full name out of fear that speaking to the media would cause her problems with Iranian authorities.
The cash-strapped student decided to sleep in the airport while waiting for the next day’s flight to Istanbul, from where she would fly to China. But on Saturday, her flight was canceled because of snowstorms and she was preparing to look for a hotel in the city rather than sleep in the airport for a second night.
“If I can’t get on a flight tomorrow from here I will miss my flight to China” and lose the cost of the nonrefundable ticket, she said.
Van, which is a 1½-hour drive from the border, has long been a popular destination for Iranians for work, travel and trade. The hotels and shops that normally do bustling business during Iran’s Nowruz holiday in mid-March are now expecting to take a hit.
“It gets really lively here over Nowruz. A lot of our friends come and spend their holidays here with us,” said Resat Yesilagac, owner of two hotels in Van. “Now it’s mostly quiet, apart from people who come because of the war. Most of them are dual nationals and they stop in Van for a day or so before flying out.”
Fears around migration in Turkey
Migration is a sensitive topic in Turkey, which at one point was hosting nearly 4 million Syrian refugees.
Turkey has been further enhancing its border defenses to be able to respond to a potential influx of people fleeing unrest after mass antigovernment protests in Iran were met by a brutal crackdown in January that left thousands dead.
Turkey’s Defense Ministry said in January that Turkey had 235 miles of concrete walls, 203 optical towers and 43 elevator-equipped towers along the 350-mile border with Iran.
On Wednesday, Ciftci said Turkey had drawn up contingency plans that involve tent camps and buffer zones to respond to a potential influx of people fleeing the war from Iran. So far that influx has not materialized.
Harrison Mirtar, 53, an Iranian Canadian, crossed the border at Kapikoy before continuing his journey back to Canada, after a visit to his parents in Tehran. He said he was angry about the foreign intervention in his country, but he was not too worried about leaving his parents behind. They had lived through the brutal Iran-Iraq War in the 1980s.
“They are in their homeland,” he said. “Life is going on, but with some bombs.”
Yedikardes writes for the Associated Press.
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