MELBOURNE — An shark cruising over a barren seabed far too deep for the sun’s rays to illuminate was unexpected.
The shark, filmed in January 2025, was estimated to be between 10 and 13 feet long.
“We went down there not expecting to see sharks because there’s a general rule of thumb that you don’t get sharks in Antarctica,” said researcher Alan Jamieson.
“And it’s not even a little one either. It’s a hunk of a shark. These things are tanks,” he added.
The camera operated by the Minderoo-UWA Deep-Sea Research Centre, which investigates life in the deepest parts of the world’s oceans, was positioned off the South Shetland Islands near the Antarctic Peninsula. That is well inside the boundaries of the Antarctic Ocean, also known as the Southern Ocean, which is defined as below the 60-degree south latitude line.
The center on Wednesday gave the Associated Press permission to publish the images.
The shark was 1,608 feet deep where the water temperature was near freezing.
Jamieson, who is the founding director of the University of Western Australia-based research center, said he could find no record of another shark found in the Antarctic Ocean.
Peter Kyne, a Charles Darwin University conservation biologist independent of the research center, agreed that a shark had never before been recorded so far south.
Climate change and warming oceans could potentially be driving sharks to the Southern Hemisphere’s colder waters, but there was limited data on range changes near Antarctica because of the region’s remoteness, Kyne said.
The slow-moving sleeper sharks could have long been in Antarctica without anyone noticing, he said.
“This is great. The shark was in the right place, the camera was in the right place and they got this great footage,” Kyne said. “It’s quite significant.”
The photographed shark was maintaining a depth of around 1,640 feet along a seabed because that was the warmest of several water layers stacked upon each other to the surface, Jamieson said.
The Antarctic Ocean is heavily layered, or stratified, to a depth of some 3,300 feet because of conflicting properties including colder, denser water from below not readily mixing with fresh water running off melting ice from above.
Jamieson expects other Antarctic sharks live at the same depth, feeding on the carcasses of whales, giant squids and other marine creatures that die and sink to the bottom.
There are few research cameras positioned at that specific depth in Antarctic waters. Those that are can operate only during the Southern Hemisphere summer months, from December through February.
“The other 75% of the year, no one’s looking at all. And so this is why, I think, we occasionally come across these surprises,” Jamieson said.
McGuirk writes for the Associated Press.
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