If there’s a Gen Zer on your holiday gift list this year, it may be best to forego one of the quintessential young adult presents: a wallet.
Some 4.4 billion people, or about half of people worldwide, are using digital wallets, with that number expected to grow 35% by 2030, according to tech strategist firm Juniper Research. Adults 24 and younger are most likely to pay with their phones, using them to make 45% of their purchases, according to a 2025 report from the Federal Reserve (across age groups, mobile phones were used for 23% of payments). Cash now accounts for just 14% of all purchases, and is more likely to be used by people older than 55 or in households that made less than $25,000 a year. A McKinsey survey in 2024 found that one in five people in the US and Europe who use digital wallets often go out without bringing a physical one, and in the UK, only 38% of people ages 18 to 24 own a wallet or purse that they see as essential in their daily lives, according to Link Scheme, a nonprofit that works to provide cash access in the UK. People are increasingly ditching cash, with 30% of Americans saying they haven’t taken cash out of an ATM in the past month, and 17% saying it’s been longer than six months, according to a LendingTree survey.
That shift is changing how they think about the money they spend. For older generations, cash feels real; for younger people, it might as well be Monopoly money. Hailey Moore, a 26-year-old in Los Angeles, tells me she hasn’t had a wallet in more than a decade, and rarely carries cash. If she does get some, maybe in a birthday card, it feels like fun money: “If I have cash on me, it’s money that doesn’t exist,” she says. And it disappears quickly. “I can just use this to get myself a little treat.”
To younger shoppers, cash has lost its cachet.
Apple Pay arrived 11 years ago, but people were slow to put their credit cards on their phone; tapping a phone didn’t seem any better use case than swiping a credit card. That changed largely when contactless payments were favored in the pandemic and Apple Pay became easy to use when online shopping. Now, digital payments and cards are becoming increasingly prioritized. Pennies, which each cost about two pennies to make, went out of print in November. Digital IDs are now accepted at more than 250 US airports for domestic flights. More and more daily activities can be done with just a phone. Oura is even looking into ways to make its smart rings work as wallets and keys.
If I have cash on me, it’s money that doesn’t exist. I can just use this to get myself a little treat.Hailey Moore, 26
And as digital wallets are used more frequently, people “trust the digital wallet more than they trust cash,” says Adam Gray, chief transformation officer at payments tech firm Stax Payments. They’re more secure than carrying a physical wallet stuffed with cash and cards. “We’re trying to enable as many merchants and places to take it because it’s better for everyone.”
Historically, people tend to spend more when paying with credit cards than cash. But that might be shifting among Gen Z — a Cash App survey published last month found that 54% of Gen Zers say they’re more likely to spend cash thoughtlessly. The money that has already left your bank account or came in a card from your aunt might feel inconsequential, compared to growing numbers on a credit card statement that you’ll have to face at the end of the month. Moore also tells me that she mostly uses her debit card, only tapping a credit card for large purchases or those where she knows she’ll earn points, like at gas stations and grocery stores. She mostly wants to build credit, and pays off the card early to avoid overspending what’s in her bank account.
Shoppers have different feelings about using cash over cards. A 2023 study from the University of Notre Dame found that people prefer to use cash on purchases they feel guilty about. But cards can also lead to quick-dopamine hit spending — researchers at MIT found that using credit cards can activate a reward pleasure sensor in the brain, driving people to become addicted to spending or at least lower the restraints to spending. (The researchers behind this 2021 study did not look at contactless mobile payments, but did say that the ping that followers a purchase made on a phone could serve as a reminder of money spent, and disincentivize tapping with abandon).
Being the first to throw your card onto the check at dinner and max out rewards has become appealing to travelers, but more young people are rapidly adopting buy now, pay later companies like Klarna and Affirm. Last holiday season, Gen Z used BNPL services more than credit cards, according to research from J.D. Power. To the people who use these services, “the payment terms are just much more reasonable and transparent than credit card payment terms,” says Sean Gelles, senior director of payment intelligence at J.D. Power. Frances Boyle, a 29-year-old in Seattle, says has used buy-now, pay-later services on clothes. “It’s almost a way of justifying the purchase, because I’m like, ‘I can’t spend over $100 right now. But $20 a month, that doesn’t sound that bad.”
Data from PayPal shows that BNPL can lead people to spend 91% more at large businesses and 62% more at small businesses. Half of shoppers say they’re more likely to complete a purchase when the split payment option is at the checkout. But a frictionless way to buy little things online now can turn into a pesky payment that lasts for months, and even barrel into a big debt down the road.
It might seem convenient to ditch cash, but a digital wallet can’t cover everything.
Tori Khutorna, a 28-year-old who lives in Prague, says she doesn’t own a wallet anymore — she uses a digital wallet and an app that houses her ID. It all started during the COVID-19 lockdowns with online purchases. “Moving on, I didn’t see any real need in having cash.” But her plan has hit snags when traveling. Khutorna also says she had to ask a stranger for cash to buy food and then transfer her the money when she was in Ukraine and a major power outage took out a neighborhood’s card payment options. Once, while in Italy, she couldn’t buy a bus ticket because a card machine was broken. She was fined for not having a ticket (the fare enforcer, conveniently, had a device that allowed her to use Apple Pay to settle up her fine instantly). “Sometimes, I feel really out of touch with reality” without cash, she tells me. When she sees a nice wallet for sale, she sometimes feels drawn to buy it. “Then I think, for what?”
For the young people saying goodbye to wallets, the world may soon have to catch up.
Amanda Hoover is a senior correspondent at Business Insider covering the tech industry. She writes about the biggest tech companies and trends.
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