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President-elect Donald J. Trump has picked Scott Bessent to serve as Treasury secretary, according to people familiar with the matter, tapping a billionaire hedge fund manager to lead an economic agenda that is expected to be built around raising tariffs and cutting taxes.
Mr. Bessent, the founder of the investment firm Key Square Capital Management, has emerged as a central economic adviser to Mr. Trump over the past year. He has called for rolling back government subsidies, deregulating the economy and raising domestic energy production. Unlike many on Wall Street, Mr. Bessent, 62, has also defended the use of tariffs, which are Mr. Trump’s favorite economic tool.
Although Mr. Bessent’s policy ideas are in lock step with conservative economic principles, one aspect of his background could draw questions from Republicans. He rose to prominence in the finance world as a protégé of George Soros, the billionaire Democratic donor and longtime villain of the right wing, and served for years as his top money manager.
If confirmed by the Senate, Mr. Bessent would take over a department with vast responsibilities that is at the core of the federal government. The Treasury Department issues debt to fund the government’s operations and pay its bills, including paying Social Security and veterans benefits.
But the most visible parts of Mr. Bessent’s job will be shepherding the administration’s tax plans through Congress, leading economic negotiations with China and overseeing the nation’s sanctions program.
Mr. Bessent will be taking over the department at a time when the American economy is the strongest in the world and as years of rapid inflation have finally come under control. However, the national debt is approaching $36 trillion, and the campaign policies proposed by Mr. Trump could cost as much as $15 trillion over a decade, according to the Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget.
At Treasury, Mr. Bessent will be responsible for turning many of Mr. Trump’s unconventional campaign ideas into policy. The president-elect has called for eliminating taxes on tips, overtime pay and Social Security benefits. He also wants to impose blanket tariffs as high as 50 percent on imports and to enact higher import duties on goods from some countries.
Mr. Bessent will be in the middle of what is expected to be a time of growing tension between the Trump White House and the Federal Reserve.
During his first term, Mr. Trump raged publicly on social media about the interest rate policies of Jerome H. Powell, the Federal Reserve chair, and as a candidate this year he has suggested that presidents should have input on interest rates.
Mr. Bessent laid out a plan last month to undercut Mr. Powell by naming someone else to the position well before Mr. Powell’s term expires — a move that would widely be seen as interfering in the central bank’s independence. However, Mr. Bessent subsequently downplayed the merits of the idea.
Mr. Bessent’s credentials bear some similarities to those of Mr. Trump’s first Treasury secretary, Steven Mnuchin. Both are Yale-educated finance titans who are familiar operating in Democratic circles.
In 2011, Mr. Bessent was recruited by Mr. Soros to be the chief investment officer of his $30 billion Soros Fund Management. Four years later, Mr. Bessent took a $2 billion investment from Mr. Soros to start his own fund, Key Square.
Mr. Bessent and his husband have two children. He has taught classes at Yale on the history of hedge funds, 20th century “booms and busts” and the 2007 financial crisis.
A longtime Republican donor, Mr. Bessent has also given money to some Democrats, including Hillary Clinton and Barack Obama. In 2000, he hosted a fund-raiser for the Democratic National Committee in support of Vice President Al Gore, the Democratic candidate for president that year.
Mr. Bessent has been one of Mr. Trump’s most prominent fund-raisers this year.
At a campaign rally in South Carolina in August, Mr. Bessent warned of a “Kamala crash” if Vice President Kamala Harris were elected, and he won the praise of Mr. Trump, who described him as “one of the most brilliant men on Wall Street.”
At Treasury, Mr. Bessent will have to quickly get up to speed with managing a thicket of challenging issues.
The Biden administration has imposed sweeping sanctions on Russia that the Treasury Department is responsible for enforcing. The debt limit, which caps how much the government can borrow, is suspended until early January, at which time Mr. Bessent will need to use “extraordinary measures” to allow the federal government to keep paying its bills. And if Mr. Trump embarks on new trade wars with China, Mexico or Europe, Mr. Bessent will be responsible for trying to calm financial markets.
In an interview with CNBC after the election, Mr. Bessent was already smoothing out some of Mr. Trump’s proposed policies, which economists have said could ignite a new bout of inflation and slow the economy.
Mr. Bessent suggested that Mr. Trump’s tax ideas would have to be negotiated in Congress with Republicans, who will not want to widen deficits. He also said that it would be prudent if any tariffs were phased in so that any associated “price adjustment” could be absorbed gradually by the economy.
And Mr. Bessent was mindful that high prices were one of the reasons that Ms. Harris lost the election and predicted that Mr. Trump would want to avoid policies that increase costs.
“President Trump has some very good ideas,” Mr. Bessent said. “But I guarantee you the last thing he wants is to cause inflation.”
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